THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL BARRIERS ON WOMEN'S LIVELIHOOD TRANSITION AND INCOME: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH FROM SON LA PROVINCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62985/j.huit_ojs.vol26.no3E.602Keywords:
Social barriers, livelihood transformation, income, ethnic minority women, Son La.Abstract
The article focuses on analyzing the intersecting impacts of social barriers on the livelihood transformation and income of women in Son La province. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a quantitative survey with in-depth interviews. Results highlight a “negative synergistic effect” arising from the interaction between geographical, linguistic, and gender-institutional barriers, creating a bottleneck that makes it difficult for women to break out of low-value livelihood models. Empirical evidence shows that the gender income gap reaches 17.76%, while also revealing a paradox between high self-confidence (3.8/5) and low economic decision-making power (1.8/5) among women. In particular, the study emphasizes livelihood vulnerability, as the information-poor group can experience an income drop of up to 58.1% when facing market shocks and natural disasters. Consequently, the author proposes a synchronized system of solutions to dismantle structural barriers, enhance digital skills, and establish property rights for women. This serves as an important scientific basis for promoting substantive gender equality and sustainable multidimensional poverty reduction for ethnic minority women in Son La in the new phase.
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